ATX电源简介
ATX电源作用是把交流220V的电源转换为计算机内部使用的直流5V,12V的电源。
ATX电源的特点:与AT电源相比,ATX电源增加了“+3.3V、+5VSB、PS-ON
其中“+3.3V”输出主要是供内存用,而“+5VSB”、“PS-ON”输出则体现了ATX电源的特点。
ATX电源最主要的特点就是:它不采用传统的市电开关来控制电源是否工作,而是采用“+5VSB、PS-ON”的组合来实现电源的开启和关闭,只要控制“PS-ON”信号电平的变化,就能控制电源的开启和关闭。“PS-ON”小于1V伏时开启电源,大于4.5伏时关闭电源。和AT电源不一样,ATX电源除了在线路上作了一些改进,其中最重要的区别是,关机时ATX电源本身并没有彻底断电,而是维持了一个比较微弱的电流。同时它利用这一电流增加了一个电源管理功能,称为Stand-By。它可以让操作系统直接对电源进行管理。通过此功能,用户就可以直接通过操作系统实现软关机,而且还可以实现网络化的电源管理。如在电脑关闭时,可以通过网络发出信号到电脑的Modem上,然后监控电路就会发出一个ATX电源所特有的+5VSB激活电压,来打开电源启动电脑,从而实现远程开机。
下面是ATX接口的详细线序图:
24-pin ATX12V 2.x
Color | Signal | Pin | Pin | Signal | Color | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Orange | +3.3 V | 1 | 13 | +3.3 V | Orange | |
+3.3 V sense | Brown | |||||
Orange | +3.3 V | 2 | 14 | -12 V | Blue | |
Black | Ground | 3 | 15 | Ground | Black | |
Red | +5 V | 4 | 16 | Power on | Green | |
Black | Ground | 5 | 17 | Ground | Black | |
Red | +5 V | 6 | 18 | Ground | Black | |
Black | Ground | 7 | 19 | Ground | Black | |
Grey | Power good | 8 | 20 | -5V | White | |
Purple | +5 V standby | 9 | 21 | +5 V | Red | |
Yellow | +12 V | 10 | 22 | +5 V | Red | |
Yellow | +12 V | 11 | 23 | +5 V | Red | |
Orange | +3.3 V | 12 | 24 | Ground | Black |
20-pin ATX connector omits the last four pin: 11, 12, 23, 24)
Pins 8, 13, and 16 are control signals:
- “Power On” is pulled up to +5V by the PSU, and must be driven low to turn on the PSU.
- “Power good” is low when other outputs have not yet reached, or are about to leave, correct voltages.
- “+3.3 V sense” line is for remote sensing of the voltage drop in the power supply wiring (should be connected to the +3.3 V on the motherboard)
“+5 V standby” supplies power even when the rest of the supply lines are off.
Pin 20 (-5V, white) is absent in current power supplies; it was optional in ATX and ATX12V ver. 1.2, and deleted as of ver. 1.3.
ATX Aux Power Cable
Pin | Color | Function |
---|---|---|
1 | Black | Ground |
2 | Black | Ground |
3 | Black | Ground |
4 | Orange | +3.3 V |
5 | Orange | +3.3 V |
6 | Red | +5 V |
ATX 4pin +12V Power Cable
Color | Function | Pin | Pin | Function | Color | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Black | Ground | 1 | 3 | +12 V | Yellow | |
Black | Ground | 2 | 4 | +12 V | Yellow |
ATX 8pin EPS +12V Power Cable
Color | Function | Pin | Pin | Function | Color | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Black | Ground | 1 | 5 | +12 V | Yellow | |
Black | Ground | 2 | 6 | +12 V | Yellow | |
Black | Ground | 3 | 7 | +12 V | Yellow | |
Black | Ground | 4 | 8 | +12 V | Yellow |
你可以把一个8pin的EPS线缆插到一个4pin 12V的主板上。
你也可以把一个4pin 12V的电源线插到一个8pin EPS主板连接器上,但是不能保证它能正常工作。
6/8pin PCI Express Power Cable
Color | Function | Pin | Pin | Function | Color | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yellow | +12 V | 1 | 5 | Ground | Black | |
Yellow | +12 V | 2 | 6 | Ground | Black | |
Yellow | +12 V | 3 | 7 | Ground | Black | |
Black | Ground | 4 | 8 | Ground | Black |
6p 引脚连接器最大输出功率:75w
8p 引脚连接器最大输出功率:150 W
ATX Tolerance
Volt | Tolerance | Range | Ripple max |
---|---|---|---|
+5 VDC | ±5% (±0.25 V) | +4.75 V to +5.25 V | 50 mV |
-5 VDC | ±10% (±0.50 V) | -4.50 V to -5.50 V | 50 mV |
+12 VDC | ±5% (±0.60 V) | +11.40 V to +12.60 V | 120 mV |
-12 VDC | ±10% (±1.2 V) | -10.8 V to -13.2 V | 120 mV |
+3.3 VDC | ±5% (±0.165 V) | +3.135 V to +3.465 V | 50 mV |
+5 VSB | ±5% (±0.25 V) | +4.75 V to +5.25 V | 50 mV |
D型电源头
Color | Function | Pin |
---|---|---|
Yellow | +12 V | 1 |
Black | Ground | 2 |
Black | Ground | 3 |
Red | +5 V | 4 |